Associations between Anxiety, Depression, Antidepressant Medication, Obesity and Weight Gain among Canadian Women

Purpose: Some mental illnesses have been suggested to be associated with obesity, although results are somewhat inconsistent and research has focused mainly on depression. Methods: Associations between anxiety, depression, medications for these illnesses, and obesity were investigated cross-sectionally among women aged 25-74 (n = 3004) who participated as population controls in a cancer case-control study. Participants self-reported information on anxiety, depression, height, current weight and weight at age 25. Results: No association was observed between either anxiety or depression and either current overweight or obesity status. However, depressed women taking antidepressants were more likely to be obese [OR = 1.71 (95% CI = 1.16-2.52) daily antidepressant use; OR = 1.89 (95% CI = 1.21-2.96) ever tricyclic antidepressant use]. In the full study sample consistent positive associations between anxiety, depression and obesity among women with a history of antidepressant use, and generally negative associations among women without, were suggested. Finally, weight gain was associated with history of anxiety [5-19 kg OR = 1.29 (95% CI = 1.06-1.57); >= 20 kg OR = 1.43 (95% CI = 1.08-1.88)] and depression [>= 20 kg OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 0.99-1.65)]. Conclusions: These results suggest depression and anxiety may be associated with weight gain and antidepressant use may be associated with obesity.