Relationship Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Type 2 Diabetic Macroangiopathy: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis

Purpose: The research explores the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and the macroangiopathy risk in single-center hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and develops a risk prediction nomogram model. Patients and Methods: A total of 858 patients with T2DM were studied retrospectively. Lasso regression was used to eliminate unimportant factors, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the TyG index and macrovascular disease in T2DM. A nomogram model was constructed to predict macrovascular disease in T2DM and tested using the bootstrap technique, and the efficacy of the nomogram model was investigated using ROC curves. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model estimated the association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality. Results: TyG index, high-density lipoprotein, red blood cell count, hypertension, history of taking ACEI/ARB drugs, and aortic calcification were closely related to macrovascular complications. In Cox proportional hazard model, the HRs of TyG index were 1.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.76, p < 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. The risk of all-cause mortality in T2DM with macrovascular complications was significantly higher than in diabetic patients without vascular disease. In the ROC curve analysis, the cut-off value of the TyG index for macrovascular complications of T2DM was 9.31 (AUC: 0.702, 95% CI 0.67-0.74, p < 0.001). Conclusion: TyG index predicts future macrovascular disease in diabetic patients independently of known cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that TyG index may be a useful marker for prognosis in diabetic patients.