Emerging pharmacotherapies for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease mainly seen in the elderly, for which treatment is undergoing rapid changes. Although recent studies have supported the survival benefit of induction chemotherapy in fit patients and that of hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in non-induction candidates, treatment of this patient age population remains a significant challenge for the treating oncologist. Areas covered: In this review, we will examine effectiveness and safety outcomes of upcoming novel treatment strategies in elderly (>= 60 years old) patients with AML, highlight the current literature and ongoing trials able to maximize therapeutic options in this heterogeneous patient population. Expert opinion: Current developments including new chemotherapeutic strategies and combinations of HMAs with novel drugs targeting epigenetic or immunomodulatory pathways are underway to improve patient survival and quality of life.