Folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in southern Brazil: prevalence and factors associated

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with the use of folic acid supplementation in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional population based study, in Rio Grande, RS. In 2013, all pregnant women and had children with birth weight less than 500 grams or at least 20 weeks of gestation were included in the study. They investigated demographic characteristics, socioeconomic, reproductive life and assistance to prenatal care. We conducted multivariate analysis with Poisson regression, considering a hierarchical model and p < 0.05 for the association. Results: 2,685 mothers were interviewed. Prevalence of folic acid use during pregnancy was 54.2%. Factors associated with the use of folic acid were: women with white skin color, living with a partner, higher schooling and family income, being primiparous, they planned their pregnancies, have six or more prenatal consultations and have started prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: The low prevalence of folic acid use in this study is worrisome, especially among mothers color black skin, less educated and poorer, then with the greatest potential to have complications during pregnancy. To implement more effective campaigns, targeting, especially for women with lower socioeconomic status is necessary.