Excited heavy quarkonium production at the LHC through W boson decays

Sizable amounts of heavy quarkonium events can be produced through W boson decays at the LHC. Such channels will provide a suitable platform to study the properties of heavy quarkonium. The "improved trace technology," which disposes the amplitude M at the amplitude level, is helpful for deriving compact analytical results for complex processes. As an important new application, in addition to the production of the lower-level Fock states vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar')[1S]> and vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar'[1P]>, we make a further study on the production of higher excited vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar')> quarkonium Fock states vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar')[2S]>, vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar')[3S]> and vertical bar(Q (Q) over bar')[2P]>. Here vertical bar(c (c) over bar)> stands for charmonium, vertical bar(c (b) over bar)> for quarkonium, and vertical bar(b (b) over bar)> for bottomonium. We show that sizable amounts of events for those higher excited states can also be produced at the LHC. Therefore, we need to take them into consideration for a sound estimation. Assuming all excited heavy quarkonium states decay to the ground spin-singlet [1(1)S(0)] wave state with 100% efficiency via electromagnetic or hadronic interactions, we can obtain the total decay width by adding all of the mentioned Fock states together. As a result, at the LHC with the luminosity L alpha 10(34)cm(-2)s(-1) and the center-of-mass energy root S = 14 TeV, we observe that 8.7 x 10(6) eta(c) and J/psi, 4.3 x 10(5) B-c and B-c(*), 1.4 x 10(3) eta(b) and Y events per year can be obtained through W+ decays.