Individual differences in the frequency of voluntary & involuntary episodic memories, future thoughts, and counterfactual thoughts

被引:7
|
作者
Branch, Jared G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Avila Univ, Sch Psychol & Cognit Sci, Kansas City, MO 64145 USA
来源
关键词
MENTAL TIME-TRAVEL; AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORIES; MIND; SIMULATION; THINKING; ANXIETY; EXPERIENCE; PRONENESS; RECOLLECTION; PROSPECTION;
D O I
10.1007/s00426-023-01802-2
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Voluntary and involuntary mental time travel can take the form of episodic memory, episodic future thinking, and episodic counterfactual thinking. This study uses an individual-differences approach to understand why people engage in these forms of mental time travel. The individual-differences variables include trait-level personality, boredom proneness, depression, anxiety, stress, emotion regulation, mindfulness, mind-wandering, positive and negative affect, rumination, optimism, thinking styles, and time perspective. Across two studies, our results indicate that individual differences underlie these forms of mental time travel. The most unique, episodic counterfactual thinking, was alone positively correlated with negative emotionality and negatively correlated with optimism. We also observe differences as a function of voluntariness and discuss these findings in relation to the cognitively demanding nature of constructing future and counterfactual thoughts. We discuss the importance of distinguishing voluntary from involuntary thinking and assessing episodic counterfactual thinking in relation to episodic memory and episodic future thinking.
引用
收藏
页码:2171 / 2182
页数:12
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Individual differences in the frequency of voluntary & involuntary episodic memories, future thoughts, and counterfactual thoughts
    Jared G. Branch
    [J]. Psychological Research, 2023, 87 : 2171 - 2182
  • [2] Characteristics of personally important episodic memories, counterfactual thoughts, and future projections across age and culture
    Ozbek, Muge
    Bohn, Annette
    Berntsen, Dorthe
    [J]. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, 2020, 34 (05) : 1020 - 1033
  • [3] Neural differences between internal and external episodic counterfactual thoughts
    Khoudary, Ari
    O'Neill, Kevin
    Faul, Leonard
    Murray, Samuel
    Smallman, Rachel
    De Brigard, Felipe
    [J]. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2022, 377 (1866)
  • [4] The frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and future thoughts in relation to daydreaming, emotional distress, and age
    Berntsen, Dorthe
    Rubin, David C.
    Salgado, Sinue
    [J]. CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION, 2015, 36 : 352 - 372
  • [5] The role of inhibitory control and ADHD symptoms in the occurrence of involuntary thoughts about the past and future: An individual differences study
    Barzykowski, Krystian
    Hajdas, Sabina
    Radel, Remi
    Niedzwienska, Agnieszka
    Kvavilashvili, Lia
    [J]. CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION, 2021, 95
  • [6] Tracking the Construction of Episodic Future Thoughts
    D'Argembeau, Arnaud
    Mathy, Arnaud
    [J]. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL, 2011, 140 (02) : 258 - 271
  • [7] Predicting the phenomenology of episodic future thoughts
    D'Argembeau, Arnaud
    Van der Linden, Martial
    [J]. CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION, 2012, 21 (03) : 1198 - 1206
  • [8] Neural activity associated with repetitive simulation of episodic counterfactual thoughts
    De Brigard, Felipe
    Parikh, Natasha
    Stewart, Gregory W.
    Szpunar, Karl K.
    Schacter, Daniel L.
    [J]. NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, 2017, 106 : 123 - 132
  • [9] Involuntary autobiographical memories and their relation to other forms of spontaneous thoughts
    Berntsen, Dorthe
    [J]. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2021, 376 (1817)
  • [10] Vividness of imagery and affective response to episodic memories and episodic future thoughts: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Morton, Charlotte
    MacLeod, Andrew K.
    [J]. MEMORY, 2023, 31 (08) : 1098 - 1110