Biocompatibility of bulk-fill resins in vitro

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of three different extracts obtained from Filtek (TM) One Bulk Fill, Tetric Evoceram (R) Bulk Fill and Coltene Fill-Up! resins.Materials and methodsThe cytotoxicity was determined on 3T3 fibroblast cells using the MTT and crystal violet assays. The genotoxicity was determined using a cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay.ResultsThe cytotoxicity of the resin extracts on 3T3 mouse fibroblasts was found to be dose-dependent with both the MTT and crystal violet assays. Extracts concentrated above 1% were cytotoxic according to the MTT assay. The Filtek (TM) One Bulk Fill, Tetric Evoceram (R) Bulk Fill, and Coltene Fill-Up! resins reached the LD50 at concentrations of 60%, 50%, and 20%, respectively, and showed genotoxicity rates that were 2-5 times, 3-8 times, and 4-15 times higher than the negative control, respectively.ConclusionsColtene Fill-Up! resin extracts were the most cytotoxic and genotoxic, followed by Tetric Evoceram (R) Bulk Fill and Filtek (TM) One Bulk Fill.Clinical relevanceThe analyzed bulk-fill resins showed differences in in vitro biocompatibility, and the Filtek (TM) One Bulk Fill was found to be the safest for clinical use.