Consumption trends of fruits, vegetables and legumes in Mexican adults. Ensanut 2012-2022

Objective. To assess changes from 2012 to 2020-2022 in the consumption and percentage of adults in compliance with World Health Organization (WHO) and EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet, Health recommendations for fruits, vegetables, and legumes in Mexican adults. Materials and methods. We analyzed data from adults >20 years old (n=29 757), with information of food frequency questionnaire from the 2012-2022 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys. Median consumption and the percentage of the population that achieve WHO and EAT-Lancet recommendations of fruits,vegetables and legumes were estimated through quantile regression models and logistic regression models, respectively. Both regression models were function of the survey year and study covariates. Results. From 2012 to 2020-2022, fruit consumption remained constant over time (113.5-131 g/day) and vegetables consumption increased (from 83 to109 g/day), while legume consumption decreased (from 10 to 7.7 g/day). A low percentage of adults (<40%) were found to comply with the recommendations of these food groups, especially in the legume group (<1.5%), which remained constant throughout the 10 years analyzed. Conclusion. There is a decreasing trend in the consumption of legumes and the consumption of fruits and vegetables has remained low, so strategies to promote their consumption are urgently needed.