Challenges and Emerging Trends in Advanced Oxidation Technologies and Integration of Advanced Oxidation Processes with Biological Processes for Wastewater Treatment

One of the biggest problems the world is currently experiencing is wastewater treatment. Numerous pollutants are released into water bodies by enormous amounts of effluents from varied sources. This paper provides a concise summary of the state of the art in AOPs, biological treatment, and their efficient application for the degradation of the numerous recalcitrant organic contaminants found in wastewater. The employment of a photoreactor is necessary for the efficient execution of the majority of photocatalytic processes. This review examines the effectiveness of several reactor configurations with varying geometries. Integrating different AOPs and AOPs with biological approaches for degrading pollutants in wastewater was also discussed. It is important to emphasize that an integrated AOP/biological system produces by-products that are not hazardous, uses little energy, and completely degrades pollutants. The review also outlines the challenges and issues of wastewater treatment for an environmentally and economically feasible process.