Explaining the decline in the US labor share: taxation and automation

被引:3
|
作者
Heer, Burkhard [1 ,2 ]
Irmen, Andreas [2 ,3 ]
Sussmuth, Bernd [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Augsburg, Dept Econ, Univ Str 16, D-86013 Augsburg, Germany
[2] CESifo, Munich, Germany
[3] Univ Luxembourg, Dept Econ & Management, Campus Kirchberg,Bloc G, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
[4] Univ Leipzig, Inst Empir Res Econ, Grimmaische Str 12, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
基金
日本科学技术振兴机构;
关键词
Functional income distribution; Labor income share; Income taxes; Automation capital; Demography; Growth; MONETARY-POLICY; GROWTH; ROBOTS; RISE; POPULATION; MACHINES; PENSIONS; INCOME; AGE;
D O I
10.1007/s10797-022-09755-9
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
This study provides evidence for the USA that the secular decline in the labor share is not only explained by technical change or globalization, but also by the dynamics of factor taxation, automation capital (robots), and population growth. First, we empirically find indications of co-integration for the period from the last quarter of the 20th to the first decade of the twenty-first century. Permanent effects on factor shares emanate from relative factor taxation. The latter also have a lasting effect on the use of robots. Variance decompositions reveal that taxing contributes to changes in the two income shares and in automation capital. Second, we analyze and calibrate a neoclassical growth model extended to include factor taxation, automation capital, and capital adjustment costs. Labor and automation capital are perfect substitutes, whereas labor and traditional capital are complements. The model replicates the dynamics of the observed functional income distribution in the USA during the 1965-2015 period. Counterfactual experiments suggest that the fall in the labor share would have been significantly smaller if labor and capital income tax rates had remained at their respective level of the 1960s.
引用
收藏
页码:1481 / 1528
页数:48
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