Endometrial Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as a Marker of Endometrial Receptivity

Endometrial receptivity is an important issue to examine as it may share in a lot of obstetric complications as recurrent abortion, unexplained infertility and recurrent implantation failure. Non invasive and invasive measures have been examined to assess endometrial receptivity, we examined endometrial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its relation to endometrial receptivity in recurrent pregnancy loss patients. This descriptive observational (case control) study was conducted at obstetrics, gynecology and clinical pathology departments-Kafr Elsheikh University hospital during the period from January 2022 to July 2022 included 50 women with history of RPL and 50 age-matched normal fertile female controls. Full history taking, clinical examination were taken from all participants, full investigations to exclude known causes of RPL were done, endometrial VEGF was assessed by an antibody sandwich ELISA kit. A statistically significant difference was found between both groups regarding VEGF which was higher in fertile group. The best cutoff of endometrial VEGF to share as a cause of recurrent pregnancy loss among the studied patients is =136.712 with area under curve 0.844, sensitivity 84%, specificity 78%, positive predictive value 79.2%, negative predictive value 83%, accuracy 81% (p < 0.001). Endometrial VEGF can be used as a marker of endometrial receptivity and may be linked to be acause of recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss.