Suitability comparison of heuristic algorithms for the execution of lighting design objectives (LiDOs) procedure

The lighting design objectives (LiDOs) procedure allows the practitioners to reconcile interacting LiDOs. The main purpose is to provide indoor lighting to stimulate an intended human response through a specified list where each item describes a lighting related response. However, the existing design method does not take into consideration the energy saving and conformity with standards. A mathematical model of the LiDOs-driven scheme generation (LDSG) problem was developed to convert the lighting design task following the LiDOs procedure into an optimization problem which can be solved by heuristic algorithms. Taking the conference room space as an example, four test problems were set up and solved using IDMSA, DE, AFSA, PSO, and GA under four pre-defined lighting modes. The suitability of the algorithms was then derived by efficacy comparison. The results show that IDMSA, DE, and AFSA can stably solve all the problems. However, they lead to differences in energy saving, and the differences among the lighting modes are greater than those among the algorithms. In addition, IDMSA has the best overall efficacy, and PSO has a great potential for improvement. Moreover, the errors of MRSE and TAIR of the generated schemes are less than 2.5%, and the uniformity and UGR are in accordance with limitation. This study provides an automated generation method for lighting schemes which can achieve a balance between energy saving and visible effect while retaining the possibility of creative design, and verifies that the hybrid heuristic algorithm efficacy is higher than that of a single algorithm.