Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neglected Diseases

A group of self-limiting and frequently neglected diseases exist in the literature like Rickettsial disease, Malaria, Dengue fever, Chikungunya, West Nile virus infection, Rift Valley fever, Bartonellosis, or Lyme disease which are poorly understood due to lack of proper diagnostic testing. Currently, multimodal imaging has become a critical modality in the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one such remarkable imaging modality in the field of ophthalmology providing high-resolution, cross-sectional images of the retina and choroid with the recent advances such as enhanced depth imaging and swept source OCT. Additionally, OCT angiography (OCTA) has further revolutionised dynamic imaging of retinal and choroidal vasculature non-invasively. This review article highlights the OCT and OCTA biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of the aforementioned neglected diseases.