Sustainability evaluation, optimization and research dynamics of microalgae methyl ester in a research diesel engine

Renewable energy sources are becoming an increasingly viable alternative energy source for the near future due to increased environmental concerns and increasingly strict energy restrictions. Bioethanol and biodiesel are the most promising biofuel options. In the present study effects of spirulina microalgae biodiesel and diesel blends on compression ignition diesel engines at 1500 r/min utilizing various blends B-20, B-40, B-60, B-80, and B-100, as well as B-0 (diesel), 23.5 degrees before top dead centre and 18.5 compression ratio (CR) at 220 bar. The extreme peak pressures of the engine for B-0, B-20, B-40, B-60, B-80, and B-100 were 103.13, 101.65, 100.25, 98.90, 96.74, and 94.83 bar, respectively. The percentage reduction in ignition delay duration for B-20, B-40, B-60, B-80, and B-100 was 2.57%, 4.17%, 5.28%, 6.60%, and 8.16% compared to pure diesel. B-20 proves to be the most promising biodiesel blend. Analysis of variance analysis was done for experimental data. The response surface method was used to optimize the engine performance and emission parameters for load, blend, and CR variations. Optimized input conditions were found as load 52.27, CR 18.5, and blend B-20. The research dynamic analysis was carried out for the sustainability of biodiesel.