In Vitro and In Vivo Care Studies of Nelumbo nucifera Extract for Osteosarcoma Disease

. Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent bone tumor diagnosed in children and adolescents and is the third leading primary bone cancer in adults. In the present study effect of Nelumbo nucifera extract was evalu- ated on osteosarcoma cells and underlying mechanism was also investigated. The results demonstrated that N. nucifera extract treatment of 143B and U2OS cell led to a dose-dependent loss of cell viability. Incubation with N. nucifera extract for 72 h decreased the proliferation of 143B cells to 93 and 18%, respectively at 0.5 and 8 mg doses. Treatment with N. nucifera extract caused a prominent elevation in Bax and p21 protein expression and increase in Bcl-2 protein level in 143B and U2OS cells. It was observed that incubation with N. nucifera extract led to a prominent increase in AMPK activation in 143B and U2OS cells. Incubation with N. nucifera extract led to a prominent suppression in the level of H3K27me3 compared to the control. In conclusion, N. nucifera extract inhibits the proliferative potential of osteosarcoma cells via the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Moreover, activation of AMPK is upregulated whereas the H3K27me3 level is inhibited in 143B and U2OS cells osteosarcoma cells by N. nucifera extract treatment. Therefore, N. nucifera extract has great potential to inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and therefore needs to be investigated further for the treatment of osteosarcoma.