Design Method for Freeform Off-Axis Three-Mirror Anastigmat Optical Systems with a Large Field of View and Low Error Sensitivity

A freeform off-axis three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) optical system with a large field of view (FOV) can obtain target image information with a larger spatial range and more spatial details, which is a development trend within the realm of space optics. The optical aberration increases exponentially with the FOV, resulting in a significant increase in error sensitivity for large-FOV optical systems. To address this issue, a method for designing optical systems with a large FOV and low error sensitivity is proposed. The FOV is gradually expanded from a small initial value in equal-length increments until it reaches the full FOV. At each step, the error sensitivity is recalculated and controlled to a lesser extent than in the previous step. In this design process, the freeform surface is used to correct the aberration and obtain low error sensitivity. An optical system with a focal length of 1000 mm and an F-number of 10 is used as an example, and the FOV is enlarged from 5 degrees x 1 degrees to 20 degrees x 4 degrees. The design results show that the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the optical system can reach 0.45@50 lp/mm, and the average wavefront aberration is 0.029 lambda. After four rounds of FOV expansion and error sensitivity optimization, the error sensitivity is reduced by 37.27% compared to the initial system, which verifies the correctness and practicality of the method.