Patterns of Multidimensional Poverty in the United States

被引:1
|
作者
Folch, David C. [1 ]
Laird, Matthew [2 ]
机构
[1] No Arizona Univ, Dept Geog Planning & Recreat, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA
[2] Florida State Univ, Dept Econ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA
关键词
census microdata; COVID-19; multidimensional poverty; poverty measurement; United States; Estados Unidos; medicion de la pobreza; microdatos censales; pobreza multidimensional; DEPRIVATION; RESOURCES;
D O I
10.1080/24694452.2023.2265984
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
The accurate accounting of where and for whom deprivations occur is fundamental to addressing poverty. In the United States, the official poverty measure considers only a person's income, although poverty is increasingly understood internationally as a set of multiple, interlinked deprivations. This article introduces a decomposable multidimensional poverty (MDP) measure that addresses these shortcomings by using thirteen American Community Survey microdata indicators to identify education, health, housing, and economic security deprivations for individuals. In 2017, the national poverty rate was 13.7 percent when measured using MDP and 13.1 percent using official poverty. Although similar at the national scale, Hispanic, Asian, and older persons had higher poverty rates using the multidimensional measure, whereas Black and young persons had higher rates when using official poverty. MDP tended to be higher than official poverty in dense urban areas, whereas official poverty tended to be higher in rural areas. Further, MDP was a stronger correlate with COVID-19 death rates than official poverty through the first three waves of the pandemic. The design of MDP recognizes that individuals can experience poverty in different ways and provides a more holistic view of people and places. ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????, ????????????????????????, ?????????????(MDP)????, ?????????????13???, ??????????????????????2017?, ??MDP??????13.7%, ????????13.1%??????????????????, ???????????????????????, ????????????????????????????????, MDP????????, ??????????????????????????, MDP????????????????????MDP??????????????, MDP?????????????????? Las cuentas exactas sobre donde y para quien ocurren las privaciones son fundamentales para abordar la cuestion de la pobreza. La medida oficial de la pobreza en Estados Unidos solamente tiene en cuenta el ingreso de una persona, aunque internacionalmente la pobreza se entiende cada vez mas como un conjunto multiple de privaciones entrelazadas. Este articulo presenta una medida de pobreza multidimensional (MDP) desglosable que aborda estas deficiencias por medio de trece indicadores de microdatos de la Encuesta sobre la Comunidad Americana, con los cuales identificar las privaciones en educacion, salud, vivienda y seguridad economica de los individuos. En 2007, la tasa nacional de pobreza fue de 13.7 por ciento, cuando se la midio usando la MDP, y del 13.1 por ciento, usando la metodologia oficial sobre pobreza. Aunque similares a la escala nacional, los hispanos, asiaticos y las personas de edad avanzada registraron tasas de pobreza mas altas cuando se uso la medida multidimensional, en tanto que las personas negras y los jovenes tuvieron tasas mas altas cuando se utilizo la medida oficial de la pobreza. La MDP tuvo la tendencia a ser mayor que los registros oficiales de pobreza en las densas zonas urbanas, mientras que los registros oficiales de pobreza tendieron a ser mas altos en las areas rurales. Aun mas, la MDP fue un correlato mas fuerte de las tasas de mortalidad por COVID-19 que la pobreza oficial durante los primeros embates de la pandemia. El diseno de la MDP reconoce que los individuos pueden experimentar la pobreza de maneras diferentes, y provee una vision mas holistica de la gente y de los lugares.
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页码:387 / 407
页数:21
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