A DRM-SMM Framework for Wave Propagation in Layered Saturated Ground under Inclined P1-SV Waves

This paper provides a numerical framework for seismic analyses for layered saturated ground under inclined plane P1-SV waves. A unified stiffness matrix method (SMM) formula for both u-w-p and u-p formulations is first derived to obtain the dynamic response of saturated fields. Then, the domain reduction method (DRM) is extended to two-phase media to reproduce the target wavefield within the numerical models. The accuracy of the proposed SMM-DRM framework is verified by comparisons with analytical solutions and other numerical methods. Its applicability in complex boundary value problems is also proven by solving a typical SSI problem. The numerical framework is especially advantageous in the analyses of complex subdomains under obliquely incident seismic waves. With the procedure given in the paper, the framework can be implemented into existing finite element models straightforwardly.