The International Criminal Law Section of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples's Rights and its Relationship with the International Criminal Court and National Jurisdictions

Tensions between various African governments and the International Criminal Court led, in the 2010s, to the drafting of the Malabo Protocol, an international entity that would replace it and belong to the African Union. This article seeks to analyze the observed procedural elements of International Criminal Law present in this Protocol. It also seeks to clear out which elements of international cooperation - both with the International Criminal Court and with national governments - exist, in order to reduce the impunity gap in situations of grave international and transnational crimes. A quantitative-interpretative analysis of the different norms that constitute the Protocol lead to an inevitable assessment: the Protocol has very limited Powers regarding cooperation and independent investigation, and requires an ample cooperations regime with the ICC and national jurisdictions to work. Unfortunately, said regime does not exist and goes against the very raison d'etre of the proposed tribunal.