Species, silvicultural practices and monitoring: forest restoration strategies in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest

In order to understand the conduct of new paradigms aimed at ecological restoration, the objective of this work was to review the literature on the application of ecological restoration in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest biome, in order to contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With the use of indexers, focused keywords, and criteria focused on the theme, 58 scientific articles were selected, analyzed through a systematic review and compared with each other in the use of their strategies. The results showed a preference for active restoration with variations in species diversity, and passive restoration. Fertilization, control of competing plants, fighting ants and soil preparation are the most mentioned silvicultural practices. In the analysis of the proposed monitoring, diversity, information intrinsic to the species and the landscape, phytosociology and crown metrics, expressed the most recommended indicators for evaluating the restorative process, and suggest 74 species for use in the projects. In addition, it is necessary to encourage scientific productions on the subject to also include the Midwest and Northeast regions, fauna surveys, as well as a detailed description of the implementation of the ecological restoration project.