Research Development on Spinel Lithium Manganese Oxides Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO) is a cathode material that features 3D Li+ diffusion channels, and it offers a range of benefits including low cost, non-toxicity, environmental friendliness, high safety, and excellent rate performance. Consequently, it has become a popular cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, having gained practical application. However, the cycling performance of LMO is still limited by problems such as Jahn-Teller distortion and Mn dissolution. In recent years, researchers have proposed various preparation and modification methods to address these problems and achieve wider commercialization of LMO cathode materials. This paper introduces the spinel structure of LMO and its degradation mechanisms, listing several common methods for synthesizing LMO cathode materials and modification approaches aimed at improving cyclic stability.