Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Perioperative Analgesia in Breast Reduction Surgery: A Prospective Randomized and Controlled Trial

Background Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is an interfascial plane block used for analgesia of the chest and abdominal wall. This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative analgesic efficacy of bilateral single-shot ESPB at T5 vertebral level in breast reduction surgery. Materials and Methods Sixty adult female patients scheduled for breast reduction surgery were included and randomly allocated to two groups to receive either preoperative ESPB with a local anesthetic mixture of 10 mL 0.5% bupivacaine, 5 mL 2% lidocaine, and 5 mL saline, or sham block. Patients in both groups received intraoperative remifentanil infusion and, postoperatively, morphine via the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device. The primary outcome was 24-h total morphine consumption, and secondary outcomes included intraoperative opioid consumption, postoperative pain intensity, time to first PCA request, supplement analgesic requirements, functional recovery, patient satisfaction, length of hospital stay, and side effects and complications. Results The 24-h total morphine consumption was significantly lower in the ESPB group vs. the sham group (mean & PLUSMN; SD, 6.7 & PLUSMN; 3.9, and 13.9 & PLUSMN; 5.7 mg, respectively, p < 0.001). Compared with sham block, ESPB reduced pain scores, intraoperative opioid consumption, supplement analgesic requirements, delayed time to first PCA request, and improved functional recovery and patient satisfaction. Conclusion In breast reduction surgery, preoperative single-shot ESPB reduces perioperative opioid consumption and provides adequate pain relief within 24 h postoperatively compared to systemic analgesics alone.