Chemical composition and anti-proliferative activities of Hyophorbe lagenicaulis aerial parts and their biogenic nanoparticles supported by network pharmacology study

Even though Hyophorbe lagenicaulis plays a significant role in traditional medicine, there is little scientific data to support its biological activity or the distribution of its phytochemicals. As a result, the current study investigates for the first time the cytotoxic potential of the unstudied H. lagenicaulis aerial parts and their greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles of the total ethanolic extract (TEEHL-based SNPs). Additionally, met-abolic profiling of TEEHL resulted in 24 annotated compounds, mainly flavonoids. Biologically synthesized nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have significant potential in the field of biopharmaceutics due to their smaller size entailing high surface area and synergistic effects of embedded biomolecules. In the present work the cytotoxic effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was studied by MTT assay against four differ-ent cell lines: Human colon carcinoma (HCT-116), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), liver carcinoma (HepG-2), and Human prostate carcinoma (PC-3) showed significant cytotoxic activity with IC50 values 0.54, 0.95, 8.78, and 2.03 mg/mL, respectively compared to that of standard staurosporine. The superior activity of the silver nano -particles may be due to the spherical shape and smaller particle size 11-16 nm as confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The data obtained in the study reveal the potent therapeutic value of biogenic silver nanoparticles and the scope for further development of anticancer drugs. A network pharma-colgy study was performed for the identified flavonoids, where several networks were constructed (plant-flavonoids, flavonoids-genes, genes-colorectal cancers). The formed (flavonoids-genes network) consisted of 162 nodes and 276 edges, the genes, genes-colorectal cancers network found out that EGFR, PTGS2 and KIT are the most annotated genes to different types of colorectal cancers. The gene enrichment analysis defined the metabolic pathways, pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as the top KEGG biological pathways targeted by the annotated genes. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of SAAB.