Physical behavior of nanoparticles-enhanced PCM including transient conduction

In this paper, numerical approach has been implemented to depict the promising efficacy of dispersion of alumina nanoparticles for expedition of freezing. The fraction and volume of powders were assumed as variables to evaluate the performance of system. The tank has sinusoidal shape and triangular cold surface has been applied as origins of solidification. The use of adaptive grid leads to better capturing the regions with higher gradient of scalar which gives higher accuracy of modeling. The precision of simulation was checked with associating the outcomes with previous data and good accommodation was reported. As alumina added in water, the period of process declines around 41.18% and optimized size of powder with highest concentration has been utilized. The time changes from 197.25 s to 157.91 s if the d(p) changes from 30 nm to 40 nm. By changing the radius of powder from 15 nm to 25 nm, the required time augments around 19.33% when phi = 0.04.