International Psychological Well-Being Survey of Interventional Cardiologists

Optimizing physician psychological health and reducing burnout is increasingly becoming a priority1, 2 as professional fulfillment and satisfaction from one's work are asso-ciated with well-being and could impact patient care.3, 4 Clinician burnout is rising,5 and the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, European Society of Cardiology, and the World Heart Federation consider clinician well-be ing a priority.3 Interventional cardiology (IC) practice often includes long hours and a stressful working environment. We conducted an international, online survey of IC at-tendings and fellows to assess their psychological well-being.The questions used in this survey were shown to perform similarly to the Maslach Burnout Inventory,6-8 a valid and reliable survey to measure burnout in medical professionals. On a scale of 0 to 10, 0 represented the lowest grade and 10 represented the highest grade. Cate-gorical variables were presented as absolute numbers and percentages, and compared using the chi-square or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Continuous var-iables were presented as median (IQR) and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata v17.0 (StataCorp). The study was approved by the Allina Health institutional review board.