This paper uses the daily observation data of 669 meteorological stations in the Yangtze River Basin for the past 60 years (1961-2020) after homogenization and correction, and adopts the extreme value analysis method combining relative threshold and absolute threshold to identify the extreme high temperature events, extreme low temperature events, extreme drought events and extreme precipitation events in the Yangtze River Basin in the past 60 years, also the annual occurrence probability and linear change trend were analyzed. Considering the occurrence of extreme climate events across the country based on this, Muti-Extreme events Composite grads Index (MECI) was constructed, and the comprehensive risk level of extreme climate events in the Yangtze River Basin was analyzed. The research results show that compared with other regions of the country, the comprehensive risk level of extreme climate in most parts of the Yangtze River Basin was higher. Although the comprehensive annual occurrence frequency has shown a linear decrease trend since 1961, the comprehensive risk level of extreme climate events in Yangtze River Basin was significantly higher than that of other parts of the country since the 1990s. Through the individual analysis of different extreme climate events, the results show that the annual frequency of extreme drought events in the Yangtze River Basin has shown a linear decreasing trend in the past 60 years. Compared with other regions of this country, the risk level of extreme drought in most parts of the Yangtze River Basin was above the intermediate level, indicating that Yangtze River Basin was prone to extreme drought events. The annual frequency of extreme precipitation events in the Yangtze River Basin showed a weak increasing trend in the past 60 years, MECI analysis showed that the high-risk areas are mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the risk of extreme precipitation events was very high in western Hunan, most of Jiangxi and southern Hubei. Extreme high temperature events in most areas of the Yangtze River Basin had increased significantly in the past 60 years, especially since the beginning of this century. But the risk level of extreme high temperature events was relatively low compared with other areas in China. In the past 60 years, extreme low temperature events in the Yangtze River Basin had decreased significantly, but compared with other parts of the country, the risk level was increased. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the comprehensive risk level of extreme climatic events in the Yangtze River Basin was increasing, high temperature and drought compound type events occurred frequently. The proportion of extreme precipitation events and extreme low temperature events in the country was continued to increase. In recent years, the social and economic impacts caused by extreme climate events have become more and more serious, indicating that it was of great importance and urgency to strengthen the risk prevention of extreme climate events in the Yangtze River Basin.
