Design and evaluation of a novel heliostat-based combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system: 3E analysis and multi-criteria optimization by response surface methodology (RSM)

Concerning the global challenges arising from fossil fuel-dependent power cycles, including environmental concerns and fuel transportation issues, solar-based technologies have appeared as a remarkable alternative. Hence, the present study introduces a novel approach for combined cooling, heating, and power generation through a fossil fuel-independent Brayton cycle combined with an advanced multi-heat recovery process. Furthermore, an intelligent process is performed to optimize the newly developed system. This system employs a Brayton cycle, modified by a recuperator and intercoolers, integrated with a heliostat field. Furthermore, a thermal energy storage unit provides the input energy continuously. The heat recovery process encompasses a dual-effect absorption chiller, a Kalina cycle, a heating generation subsystem, and a liquefied natural gas cold energy utilization unit. The proposed system is examined from energy, exergy, and economic points of view and is optimized through an intelligent process based on response surface methodology. Therefore, ten distinct decision variables are identified, while the objective functions encompass the exergetic efficiency and the sum unit cost of products. The accuracy of the regression models is examined through the analysis of variance. Therefore, the optimal state demonstrates a sum unit cost of products and an exergetic efficiency of 24.75 $/GJ and 21.72 %, respectively.