Topology Optimization of the FRP for strengthening of masonry barrel vaults

Composite materials are commonly used to preserve historical structures for future generations. The optimum use of composite materials in strengthening masonry buildings and structural elements is a critical issue that needs solutions. This study aimed to determine the effect of optimal reinforcement arrangements on masonry vaults. Numerical models were created using a 3D macro modelling approach and validated with experimental and numerical data from the literature. The study compared the effectiveness of three strengthening procedures using carbon or glass fibre-reinforced fabric materials on masonry vaults under different loads, aiming to determine the most effective procedure, material type, and amount. Results showed that the intrados strengthening procedure was more effective than the extrados, and carbon fibre-reinforced fabric material was generally more effective than glass fibre-reinforced fabric material. The research demonstrates that using significantly less material can still achieve high efficacy. Additionally, the article presents various suggestions for practical situations.