Female superiority in accruals quality: some evidence from the Scandinavian region

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, this study examines the relationship between the presence of a female (rather than a male) audit partner and the client firm's accruals quality. Second, this study explores whether and how the female audit partners' specific attributes influence the gendered auditor effect on the quality of the client firm's accruals quality (if it exists). Design/methodology/approach Research hypotheses have been tested by conducting both univariate and multivariate empirical analyses based on a large sample of firm-year observations from the Swedish Corporation for the years 2010-2019. During the sample timeframe, the client firms have been audited by 56 female and 231 male audit partners. Findings The research findings first indicate that client firms of female audit partners are associated with downward earnings management, indicating a beneficial female auditor effect on client firm's accruals quality. Results from the audit partner change analysis exhibit that the adverse female auditor effect on the client firm's earnings management, and hence, the beneficial female auditor effect on the client firm's accruals quality occurs from the first year of the assignment of a female audit partner to replace a male audit partner. When looking at how specific attributes of female audit partners influence accruals quality of their audited clients, this study reveals that the favorable female auditor effect on the client firm's accruals quality holds constant for all the female audit partners' specific attributes included in the researched models. This underscores that the mere presence of a female audit partner constrains earnings management and enhances, thereby, the client firm's accruals quality. Originality/value This research supports regulators calling for the appointment of more women to the audit firms' leading ranks (e.g. leadership).