Sleep health of young adults in Western Australia and associations with physical and mental health: A population-level cross-sectional study

Objectives: This article aims to report on the sleep health characteristics of a population-level sample of young Australian adults and examine associations with measures of physical and mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from the Raine Study. Data from participants (n = 1234) born into the study (Generation 2) at the 22-year follow-up were used, including data from a self-report questionnaire and polysomnography. Results: The highest prevalence of suboptimal sleep health was seen on measures of sleep duration (30%), onset latency (18%), satisfaction (25%) and regularity (60%). Dissatisfaction with sleep (physical health: ss =0.08; mental health: ss =0.34) and impaired daytime alertness (physical health: ss =0.09; mental health: ss =0.08) were significantly associated with poorer physical and mental health and inadequate polysomnography-measured sleep duration was associated poorer mental health (ss =0.07) (all ps<0.05). Conclusions: Satisfaction with sleep and daytime alertness, both of which are assessed via self-report, are essential aspects of sleep health for young adults. Implications for public health: Findings could inform public health interventions, including screening guidelines, to improve the sleep health and, in turn, the physical and mental health of young adults in Australia.