Genosensing on a 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode

In this paper we present the characterization of 3D-printed nanocarbon electrodes (3DnCes) and their application in electrochemical enzyme-linked detection of DNA hybridization. The approach takes advantage of a facile procedure based on adsorption of target DNA on the electrode surface followed by hybridization with a biotinylated probe and binding of streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate. The alkaline phosphatase converts 1-naphthyl phosphate in the background electrolyte into electrochemically oxidizable 1-naphthol, which is subsequently detected using linear sweep voltammetry. The preparation, characterization, and analytical performance of the 3DnCes are reported. The results show the applicability of such 3DnCes in detection of target DNA hybridization specifically with the complementary biotinylated probe, and indicate the potential of 3D printed electrodes for use in various bioanalytical approaches.