Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and chemical markers in campus dormitories in an evolving COVID-19 pandemic

被引:24
|
作者
Mohapatra, Sanjeeb [1 ,2 ]
Bhatia, Sumedha [1 ]
Senaratna, Kavindra Yohan Kuhatheva [1 ]
Jong, Mui-Choo [1 ]
Lim, Chun Min Benjamin [1 ]
Gangesh, G. Reuben [1 ]
Lee, Jia Xiong [1 ]
Giek, Goh Shin [1 ]
Cheung, Callie [1 ,3 ]
Lin, Yutao [1 ]
You, Luhua [1 ]
Yong, Ng How [3 ]
Peng, Lim Cheh [4 ]
Wong, Judith Chui Ching [5 ]
Ching, Ng Lee [5 ,6 ]
Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Singapore, NUS Environm Res Inst, T Lab Bldg,5A Engn Dr 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
[2] Energy & Environm Sustainabil Megac E2S2 Phase 2,C, Singapore 138602, Singapore
[3] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Engn Dr 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
[4] Natl Univ Singapore, Off Risk Management & Compliance, Singapore 119077, Singapore
[5] Natl Environm Agcy, Environm Hlth Inst, 11 Biopolis Way,06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
[6] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci, 60 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637551, Singapore
基金
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater-based epidemiology; University campus; Emerging contaminants; Disinfectants; TREATMENT PLANTS; EMERGING CONTAMINANTS; ANTIBIOTICS; SURFACTANTS; REMOVAL; RATES;
D O I
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130690
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
In this study, we report the implementation of a comprehensive wastewater surveillance testing program at a university campus in Singapore to identify Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected individuals and the usage of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) as well as other emerging contaminants (ECs). This unique co-monitoring program simultaneously measured SARS-CoV-2 with chemical markers/contaminants as the COVID-19 situation evolved from pandemic to endemic stages, following a nationwide mass vaccination drive. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater from campus dormitories were measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and corroborated with the number of symptomatic COVID-19 cases confirmed with the antigen rapid test (ART). Consistent results were observed where the concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in wastewater increased proportionately with the number of COVID-19 infected individuals residing on campus. Similarly, a wide range of ECs, including disinfectants and antibiotics, were detected through sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spec-trometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques to establish PPCPs consumption patterns during various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Statistical correlation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed with few ECs belonging to disinfectants, PCPs and antibiotics. A high concentration of disinfectants and subsequent positive correlation with the number of reported cases on the university campus indicates that disinfectants could serve as a chemical marker during such unprecedented times.
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页数:14
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