Spatial distribution of public elementary schools: a case study of Najran, Saudi Arabia

Spatial equity in the provision of educational services is a major component to provide a healthy and cheerful living environment in cities. Experts, accordingly, set many standards for selecting school locations. This study has used many of those standards to investigate the spatial distribution of boys' public elementary schools in Najran city. Statistical techniques such as Locational Quotient, Lorenz Curve, and Geographic Information System tools were employed to show the spatial distribution and analysis of elementary schools. In addition, GIS evaluates the current locations of schools and suggests suitable locations for future schools. The results indicate that the population number and schools within the city are not equidistributed. Some districts are experiencing a glut and concentration of schools, especially in old, fully developed, and highly populated districts, while most of the new eastern districts suffer a lack and have no adequate access to schools. Also, half of the city districts do not have elementary schools. Furthermore, many schools are located close to sources of danger or nuisance sources. Consequently, the study concluded by showing suitable locations for future schools and recommended that planners provide elementary schools in deficient districts and enhance equitable distribution of elementary schools throughout the city.