Wide-Band Wide-Beam Circularly-Polarized Slot-Coupled Antenna for Wide-Angle Beam Scanning Arrays

The design of a wide-band wide-beam circularly-polarized slot-coupled (WWCS) radiating element for wide-angle scanning arrays (WASAs) is addressed. The WWCS radiator exploits a simple geometry composed of a primary (driven) and a secondary (passive) element to generate wide-beam patterns with rotational symmetry and high polarization purity. The synthesis was carried out by means of a customized version of the System-by-Design (SbD) method to derive a WWCS radiator with circular polarization (CP) and wide-band impedance matching. The results of the numerical assessment, along with a tolerance analysis, confirm that the synthesized WWCS radiating element is a competitive solution for the implementation of large WASAs. More specifically, a representative design working at f(0 )= 2.45 [GHz] is shown having fractional bandwidth FBW (SIC) 15%, half-power beam-width HPBW(f(0)) (SIC)180 [deg] in all elevation planes, and high polarization purity with broadside axial ratio AR(f(0)) = 3.2 [dB] and cross-polar discrimination XPD(f(0)) = 15 [dB]. Finally, the experimental assessment, carried out on a PCB-manufactured prototype, verifies the wide-band and wide-beam features of the designed WWCS radiator.