Radiative MHD flow of hybrid nanofluid over permeable moving plate with Joule heating and thermal slip effects

The heightened thermal efficiency of hybrid nanofluids presents substantial practical uses in diverse industrial and engineering fields. Thus, the aims of this research are i) to analyze the impact of pertinent parameters towards flow and heat transfer of hybrid Cu-Al2O3/water nanofluid over permeable moving surface with mutual effects of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), thermal radiation, Joule heating, and thermal slip condition and ii) to examine the nature of dual solutions. The similarity transformation reduces the complexity of the PDEs to a system of ODEs, which are then numerically solved using bvp4c MATLAB. Two solutions are observable when the surface move approaches the origin (lambda < 0) which leads to a stability analysis and validates the first solution as a stable and physically reliable solution. It was discovered at a 1:1 ratio of Cu and Al2O3 volume concentrations immersed in water; the hybrid nanofluid offers a remarkable heat transportation ability than nanofluid and water. An escalation of thermal radiation and magnetic parameters contributed to 79 % and 9.35 % enhancement to the heat transfer rate. The growth in magnetic parameters promotes a delay in boundary layer separation however insignificantly impacted by thermal slip parameter and Eckert number.