Intraplacental choriocarcinoma in a term pregnancy: Is serial postpartum hCG assessment necessary?

Intraplacental choriocarcinoma (IC), or choriocarcinoma in situ, is a rare disease on the gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) spectrum, with <100 case reports available in the literature. We propose that many patients with IC are likely to be missed as the majority of patients do not present with metastases. Currently, there are no standardized protocols in existence for postpartum monitoring of these patients. We present a case of IC identified in the term placenta of a 21-year-old who delivered by primary cesarean due to concern for fetal intolerance of labor. Subsequently, we review the recommendations available on postpartum monitoring of this likely under-diagnosed condition.