Construction of Evaluation Index System of Harmonious Labor Relations in Chinese Enterprises: An Empirical Analysis Based on Structural Equation Model

Since entering the period of economic and social transformation, China's labor relations conflicts have entered a period of prominence and prevalence, which has brought great challenges to ensure the sustainable development of enterprises and build a harmonious society. Constructing a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system of harmonious labor relations in enterprises to measure the harmonious degree of labor relations is of great significance for improving the management level of labor relations in enterprises, promoting sustainable development of enterprises, and building a socialist harmonious society. Based on the relevant research results of labor relations and from the perspective of employees, this paper took the ERG theory (E stands for existence needs, R stands for relatedness needs, G stands for growth needs) as the basic framework of the evaluation index system, combined with the literature research method and expert consultation method to initially design evaluation index system, used SPSS 26.0 software and principal component analysis to further determine the evaluation index system structure. Based on the structural equation model, this paper used AMOS 23.0 software to carry out first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis for the evaluation index system and assigned objective weights to the evaluation indicators according to standardized factor analysis path coefficients. The index system, via structure confirmation and index empowerment, is used to evaluate the harmonious degree of labor relations between the two enterprises, N and Z. It is found that the evaluation index system of enterprise harmonious labor relations constructed in this paper conforms to the theoretical hypothesis model; The index system includes salary and benefits, working conditions, communication management, interpersonal relationship, individual participation and personal development six dimension-level indexes and 18 index-level indexes; The overall labor relations of companies N and Z are relatively harmonious, but the relative satisfaction of individual development indicators at the dimension level is low, and there is still room for improvement. The research results of this paper not only enrich and improve the theoretical system of labor relations to a certain extent but also provide a new perspective for the integration of enterprise harmonious labor relations and ERG theory and provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for enterprises to establish harmonious labor relations and promote sustainable development of enterprises.