Multi-layer energy management of smart integrated-energy microgrid systems considering generation and demand-side flexibility

This paper proposes a stochastic framework for the operation scheduling of integrated renewable-based energy microgrid systems. The proposed model presents comprehensive scheduling that simultaneously considers total generation costs, generation flexibility, and demand-side flexibility. This operation management approach is modeled as the tri-layer framework. At the first layer, the microgrid system attempts to minimize daily operation costs considering the probabilistic behavior of renewable generation, signal prices, and loads. The desalination unit and water tank storage have been incorporated into the proposed structure to supply potable water for the system. The second layer reschedules the obtained management of the first layer to increase the thermal flexibility and electrical flexibility of local generation resources. To this end, the integrated energy system tries to maximize the spinning reserve of the local energy resources in the second layer. The last layer is responsible to increase demand-side flexibility. In this layer, a hybrid max-min and min-max approach is developed to uniform the load profile by demand-side management programs. The proposed framework is applied to the general structure of energy systems and the day-ahead results demonstrate that the electrical generating flexibility index and thermal generating flexibility index are improved by 22.98% and 34.64% in the proposed model.