Toward an understanding of the implementation of management innovation in international joint ventures: A multilevel perspective

Implementing management innovation (MI) is a great challenge for international joint ventures (IJVs), specifically for those between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and local firms. Different multilevel factors have been shown in the international business literature to play a role in MI implementation within IJVs. In this paper, we add to this literature by showing that these factors do not act in isolation and that their interplay must be considered. To this aim, we draw on qualitative data from 35 CEOs and TMT members of five IJVs between European MNEs and Tunisian local firms. Overall, our study reveals that depending on the type of IJV, the multilevel factors playing a role in the implementation of MI are different.