Unusual Renal Mass in a Pediatric Patient

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in the pediatric population, comprising about 5% of renal neoplasms in children.(1) Out of all childhood cases of RCC, translocation RCCs (tRCC) is the most common.(2) It is well described in the literature that exposure to alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide and/or topoisomerase II inhibitors such as doxorubicin and etoposide, is a risk factor for the development of Xp11 (or TFE3) tRCC.(3 )Herein is a case of tRCC development in a patient with history of exposure to topoisomerase II inhibitors and alkylating agents to treat a common childhood malignancy.