Landscape and farm environmental structure determinants of small mammal assemblages in agroecosystems of central Argentina

被引:0
|
作者
Alonso, Rodrigo Javier [1 ,2 ]
Lovera, Rosario [1 ,2 ]
Fernandez, Maria Soledad [1 ,2 ]
Cavia, Regino [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Intendente Guiraldes 2160,Ciudad Univ,C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
[2] UBA, Inst Ecol Genet & Evoluc Buenos Aires, CONICET, Intendente Guiraldes 2160,Ciudad Univ,C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
关键词
agroecosystems; cover classes; dairy farms; EBRM; habitat; landscape ecology; opossum; pig farms; rodents; spatial ecology; agroecosistemas; clases de coberturas; criaderos de cerdos; ecologia de paisaje; ecologia espacial; roedores; tambos; zarigueyas; AKODON-AZARAE RODENTIA; MICE MUS-MUSCULUS; HABITAT SELECTION; LUTREOLINA-CRASSICAUDATA; POULTRY FARMS; MICROHABITAT USE; ABUNDANCE; ECOLOGY; PAMPAS; MODELS;
D O I
10.1093/jmammal/gyad133
中图分类号
Q95 [动物学];
学科分类号
071002 ;
摘要
Natural processes and patterns are altered by human activity at different spatial and temporal scales, affecting species assemblages and population traits, modifying mechanisms or regulating dynamics at different scales. However, little is known about the influence of landscape structure on small mammal assemblages and populations on farms. Thus, in this work, we aimed to study the effect of landscape and environmental characteristics at the farm scale on the assemblage and populations of native and introduced small mammals in pig and dairy farms located in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Our results showed that farms in contexts of higher environmental diversity at the landscape scale have higher species richness. Our results also showed that variations in assemblage composition were associated with the quantity of water body surfaces, cattle food, small mammal refugia, and impervious surfaces at the farm scale-and with woodland, grassland, and natural vegetation cover at the landscape scale. The abundance of commensal murids was higher on farms near towns, with higher vegetation cover at the farm scale and/or in landscape contexts with fewer crops. The abundance of Akodon azarae was higher on farms with a lower amount of cattle food at the farm scale and crop patches in the landscape. The abundance of Didelphis albiventris was higher during spring on farms with a low proportion of bare ground, while that of Lutreolina crassicaudata was higher on farms with high vegetation cover and a lower number of water body surfaces. These results show the relevance of multiscale determinants in the development of ecologically based management strategies to control pest small mammals. Our research addresses the influence of landscape and farm structure on small mammals. Our results show multiscale determinants on small mammal assemblages and population abundances. Our findings reveal associations, linking water bodies, vegetation cover, and landscape structure to assemblage composition and abundance. Species richness increased with landscape heterogeneity. Los procesos y patrones naturales se ven alterados por la actividad humana a distintas escalas espaciales y temporales, afectando tanto a los ensambles de especies como a sus poblaciones, modificando mecanismos o regulando sus dinamicas en distintas escalas. Poco es lo que se sabe acerca de la influencia de la estructura del paisaje sobre dichos ensambles y poblaciones. En este trabajo, estudiamos el efecto del paisaje y de variables ambientales dentro de las granjas sobre el ensamble y las poblaciones de pequenos mamiferos nativos e introducidos, en criaderos de cerdos y tambos de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Nuestros resultados muestran que establecimientos en contextos de mayor diversidad ambiental a escala de paisaje poseen mayor riqueza especifica. Ademas, muestran que las variaciones en la composicion de los ensambles estuvieron asociadas a las proporciones de agua, comida para ganado, refugio para pequenos mamiferos y superficies impermeables a escala de granja y a las proporciones de arboles, pastizales y parches de vegetacion natural a escala del paisaje. Las poblaciones de muridos comensales fueron mayores en establecimientos cercanos a las ciudades, con mayor cobertura vegetal alta y en contextos de paisajes sin cultivos. Las abundancias de Akodon azarae fueron menores en verano y mayores en establecimientos con menor proporcion de comida para ganado y de parches de cultivo en el paisaje. La abundancia de Didelphis albiventris fue mayor durante la primavera en establecimientos con baja proporcion de suelo desnudo, mientras que la abundancia de Lutreolina crassicaudata fue mayor en granjas con coberturas vegetales altas y con menor proporcion de agua. Estos resultados muestran la pertinencia de los analisis multiescala para la elaboracion de estrategias de manejo de pequenos mamiferos plagas basadas en fundamentos ecologicos.
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页码:404 / 416
页数:13
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