A Systematic Review on Urban Road Traffic Congestion

The city's infrastructure is considered the backbone of any country's development process and there are numerous factors that contribute to its growth. Among these factors, proper management traffic management is crucial. The increasing traffic density poses challenges to the current infrastructure, especially in developing countries, leading to issues such as congestion and security. Technological advancements have introduced intelligent transportation systems that offer innovative mobility solutions and promote sustainability. To provide better solutions, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA rules. Three electronic databases, namely IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, and Wiley, were searched using specific keywords. Research articles were identified, accessed, and included in the review based on the PRISMA rules. This systematic review explores various approaches used for predicting, detecting, and analyzing congestion levels on urban roads. These approaches are categorized based on their datasets, results, and comparison with other available algorithms. Additionally, the discussions expand on the advantages and limitations of different categorical approaches.