Analysis of Ground Settlement during Shield Tunnel Construction in Soft Soil

The development of ground settlement during the construction of a shield tunnel in soft soil was analyzed taking the Shaoxing Rail Transit Line 1 tunnel interval as an example. The transverse and longitudinal ground settlements were fitted and analyzed using different prediction methods. The results show that the Peck and Yoshikoshi formulas provide high prediction accuracies for transverse ground settlements, whereas the Loganathan method produces certain errors in the center of the shield axis. Under soft soil conditions, the prediction accuracy of each method is also affected by the burial depth of the shield tunnel in different monitoring sections. The predicted longitudinal surface settlement values obtained using the modified Yoshikoshi method and Sagaseta method are more consistent with the measured data. The results provide an important reference for the prediction and analysis of shield tunnel settlement in analogous soft soil areas.