Victims or perpetrators, agency, and politics of intimate partner violence in the social construction of health and wellbeing: a qualitative study from Kenya

被引:0
|
作者
Onyango, Elizabeth O. [1 ]
Elliott, Susan J. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
[2] Univ Waterloo, Fac Geog & Environm Management, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
关键词
wellbeing; health; social construction; qualitative research; partner and sexual violence; gender-based violence (GBV); Kenya; patriarchy; WOMEN;
D O I
10.1080/26410397.2023.2272762
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Deeply rooted cultural beliefs and norms relating to the position and the responsibilities assigned to men and women play a significant role in propagating intimate partner violence (IPV). It is yet to be understood in what ways experiences of IPV contribute to how people socially construct their health and wellbeing as they navigate the tensions created by the prevailing sociocultural systems. To address this knowledge gap, we employed a social constructionist perspective and the eco-social model to explore how Kenyans aged 25-49 years socially construct their health and wellbeing in relation to their experiences of IPV. We conducted nine in-depth interviews and ten focus group discussions in four counties in Kenya between January and April of 2017. Textual analysis of the narratives reveals that although men are usually framed as perpetrators of violence, they may also be victims of reciprocal aggression by women, as recently witnessed in cases where women retaliate through gang attacks, chopping of male genitalia, and scalding with water. However, women are still disproportionately affected by gender-based violence because of the deeply rooted gender imbalances in patriarchal societies. Women experience social stigma associated with such violence and when separated or divorced in situations of unsafe relationships, they are viewed as social misfits. As such, most women opt to stay in unhealthy relationships to avoid social isolation. These experiences are not only unhealthy for their psychological wellbeing but also for their physical health and socioeconomic status and that of their offspring. Des normes et croyances culturelles profondement enracinees relatives a la position et aux responsabilites assignees aux hommes et aux femmes jouent un role important dans la propagation de la violence exercee par un partenaire intime (VPI). On ignore encore comment l'experience de la VPI contribue a la facon dont les personnes construisent socialement leur sante et leur bien-etre alors qu'elles affrontent les tensions creees par les systemes socioculturels dominants. Pour combler ce manque de connaissances, nous avons utilise une perspective constructionniste sociale et le modele eco-social pour explorer comment les Kenyans construisent socialement leur sante et leur bien-etre en rapport avec l'experience de la VPI chez des Kenyans ages de 25 a 49 ans. Entre janvier et avril 2017, nous avons mene neuf entretiens approfondis et dix discussions de groupe dans quatre comtes du Kenya. L'analyse textuelle des recits revele que, meme si les hommes sont generalement presentes comme les auteurs des violences, ils peuvent egalement etre victimes d'agressions reciproques de la part des femmes, comme on l'a vu recemment dans des affaires ou des femmes ont riposte en organisant des attaques de gangs, en coupant les organes genitaux des hommes ou en les brulant avec de l'eau bouillante. Neanmoins, les femmes sont encore touchees de maniere disproportionnee par les violences sexistes en raison des desequilibres de genre profondement enracines dans les societes patriarcales. Les femmes subissent une stigmatisation sociale associee a de telles violences et quand elles sont separees ou divorcees dans des situations de relations dangereuses, elles sont considerees comme asociales. C'est pourquoi la plupart des femmes preferent rester dans des relations malsaines pour eviter l'isolement social. Ces experiences sont non seulement nocives pour leur bien-etre psychologique, mais aussi pour leur sante physique, leur situation socioeconomique et celle de leur progeniture. Las creencias y normas culturales profundamente arraigadas con relacion a la posicion y las responsabilidades asignadas a hombres y mujeres desempenan un papel significativo en propagar la violencia de pareja intima (VPI). Aun esta por entenderse como las experiencias de VPI contribuyen a la manera en que las personas construyen socialmente su salud y bienestar a medida que navegan las tensiones creadas por los sistemas socioculturales predominantes. Para subsanar esta brecha de conocimiento, empleamos una perspectiva construccionista social y el modelo ecosocial para explorar como las personas kenianas construyen socialmente su salud y bienestar con relacion a las experiencias de VPI entre personas de 25 a 49 anos. Realizamos nueve entrevistas a profundidad y diez discusiones en grupos focales en cuatro condados de Kenia, entre enero y abril de 2017. El analisis textual de las narrativas revela que, aunque los hombres generalmente son acusados de perpetradores de violencia, tambien pueden ser victimas de agresion reciproca de las mujeres, como se observo recientemente en casos en que las mujeres toman represalias con ataques de pandillas, cortando los genitales del hombre y escaldando con agua. Sin embargo, las mujeres continuan siendo afectadas de manera desproporcionada por violencia de genero debido a los desequilibrios de genero profundamente arraigados en sociedades patriarcales. Las mujeres sufren estigma social asociado con ese tipo de violencia y cuando se separan o divorcian en situaciones de relaciones inseguras, son vistas como inadaptadas sociales. Por ello, la mayoria de las mujeres optan por permanecer en relaciones malsanas para evitar aislamiento social. Estas experiencias no solo son daninas para su bienestar psicologico, sino tambien para su salud fisica y su condicion socioeconomica y la de sus hijos.
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页数:16
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