Trypanosomes infection, endosymbionts, and host preferences in tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) collected from Akagera park region, Rwanda: A correlational xenomonitoring study

被引：3

作者：

Gashururu, Richard S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Maingi, Ndichu ^{[3
]}

Githigia, Samuel M. ^{[3
]}

Getange, Dennis O. ^{[1
]}

Ntivuguruzwa, Jean B. ^{[2
]}

Habimana, Richard ^{[5
]}

Cecchi, Giuliano ^{[6
]}

Gashumba, James ^{[7
]}

Bargul, Joel L. ^{[1
,4
]}

Masiga, Daniel K. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol icipe, POB 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya

[2] Univ Rwanda, Sch Vet Med, POB 57, Nyagatare, Rwanda

[3] Univ Nairobi, Fac Vet Med, POB 29053, Nairobi, Kenya

[4] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Biochem, POB 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya

[5] Rwanda Food & Drugs Author FDA, Food & Drugs Assessment & Registrat Dept, POB 1948, Kigali, Rwanda

[6] Food & Agr Org United Nations FAO, Anim Prod & Hlth Div, Rome, Italy

[7] Rwanda Polytech, POB 164, Kigali, Rwanda

来源：

ONE HEALTH | 2023年 / 16卷

关键词：

One health; Glossina; Trypanosomes; Host preference; Endosymbionts; Akagera Park; SLEEPING-SICKNESS; IDENTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; PALLIDIPES; VIRUS; ENVIRONMENT; VECTORS; DIPTERA; CATTLE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100550

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

Akagera National Park and its surroundings are home to tsetse flies and a number of their mammalian hosts in Rwanda. A One-health approach is being used in the control and surveillance of both animal and human trypanosomosis in Rwanda. Determination of the infection level in tsetse flies, species of trypanosomes circulating in vectors, the source of tsetse blood meal and endosymbionts is crucial in understanding the epidemiology of the disease in animals and humans in the region. Tsetse flies (n = 1101), comprising Glossina pallidipes (n = 771) and Glossina morsitans centralis (n = 330) were collected from Akagera park and surrounding areas between May 2018 and June 2019. The flies were screened for trypanosomes, vertebrate host DNA to identify sources of blood meal, and endosymbionts by PCR - High Resolution Melting analysis and amplicon sequencing. The feeding frequency and the feeding indices (selection index - W) were calculated to identify the preferred hosts. An overall trypanosome infection rate of 13.9% in the fly's Head and Proboscis (HP) and 24.3% in the Thorax and Abdomen (TA) were found. Eight trypanosome species were identified in the tsetse fly HP and TA, namely: Trypanosoma (T.) brucei brucei, T. congolense Kilifi, T. congolense savannah, T. vivax, T. simiae, T. evansi, T. godfreyi, T. grayi and T. theileri. We found no evidence of human-infective T. brucei rhodesiense. We also identified eighteen species of vertebrate hosts that tsetse flies fed on, and the most frequent one was the buffalo (Syncerus caffer) (36.5%). The frequently detected host by selection index was the rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) (W = 16.2). Most trypanosome infections in tsetse flies were associated with the buffalo blood meal. The prevalence of tsetse endosymbionts Sodalis and Wolbachia was 2.8% and 4.8%, respectively. No Spiroplasma and Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus were detected. These findings implicate the buffaloes as the important reservoirs of tsetse-transmitted trypanosomes in the area. This contributes to predicting the main cryptic reservoirs and therefore guiding the effective control of the disease. The study findings provide the key scientific information that supports the current One Health collaboration in the control and surveillance of tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis in Rwanda.

引用

页数：15