Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Background: Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment are common diseases in the elderly, affecting more than 50 million people worldwide in 2020. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing these diseases, but their complexity poses a challenge. Convolutional neural networks have shown promise in accurate diagnosis. Objective: The main objective of this research is to diagnose Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in healthy individuals using convolutional neural networks. Methods: This study utilized three different convolutional neural network models, two of which were pre-trained models, namely AlexNet and DenseNet, while the third model was a CNN1D-LSTM neural network. Results: Among the neural network models used, the AlexNet demonstrated the highest accuracy, exceeding 98%, in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in healthy individuals. Furthermore, the accuracy of the DenseNet and CNN1D-LSTM models is 88% and 91.89%, respectively. Conclusions: The research highlights the potential of convolutional neural networks in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The use of pre-trained neural networks and the integration of various patient data contribute to achieving accurate results. The high accuracy achieved by the AlexNet neural network underscores its effectiveness in disease classification. These findings pave the way for future research and improvements in the field of diagnosing these diseases using convolutional neural networks, ultimately aiding in early detection and effective management of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.