Effect of ethanol and sodium chloride on the physio-chemical properties of Montelukast sodium and its interaction with DNA

In drug development, it is very important to study the physicochemical properties of drugs under various solution conditions in order to understand their mechanism of action and their interactions with bioactive compounds. In this regard, this study attempts to elucidate the effects of co-solvent and co-solute on the physicochemical properties of Montelukast sodium and its possible interactions with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The physicochemical, volumetric and thermodynamic properties of Montelukast sodium were determined by various measurements such as density, viscosity and surface tension. Most of these measured parameters responded differently when ethanol (co-solvent) and sodium chloride (co-solvent) were added to the drug solution, and/or when the concentration and temperature of the drug solution were changed. Various solution properties such as flow behavior, surface activity and association behavior of Montelukast sodium were also affected by the addition of DNA. UV-Vis spectroscopy was also used to better understand the qualitative and quantitative strength of DNA-drug interactions in water. Using UV-Visible analysis, the Montelukast DNA binding constant (Kb) was determined to be 6.861 x 103 (L Mol(-1)). Physicochemical and spectroscopic results confirmed that there may be physicochemical type interactions between the drug and DNA. It is also proposed that hydrogen bonding can occur between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms of the Montelukast sodium and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the DNA molecule.