Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Cathode Materials for Energy Storage Applications: A Review

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based cathode materials have attracted huge interest in energy conversion and storage applications as well as for other applications due to the presence of an extremely high surface area, controlled architecture, porosity, and easy tunability, as well as selective metal sources. By altering the MOFs' synthesis techniques, features like porosity, particle form, conductivity, and stability may be tailored for specific applications. MOF-based cathodes are synthesized in various approaches to improve the performance of battery applications. Specifically, grafting the MOF with various functional groups has greatly improved the performance of MOF-based cathodes in a battery application. Herein, the uniqueness and brief history of MOF-based cathodes with different synthesis, the significant advantages and disadvantages of MOFs, and their use in various applications are exclusively covered, especially, the role of MOF-based cathodes for different battery applications. In addition, the recent approaches to producing MOF-based cathode are also covered and their recent developments for lithium, sodium, and zinc batteries, and other batteries such as potassium-, magnesium-, and aluminum-ion batteries are discussed. Furthermore, the review article also provides the recent approaches and innovative developments of MOF-based cathodes and their widespread use in battery applications.