Growth performance, hematology parameters and Aeromonas hydrophila challenge of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) in response to dietary protein levels

The pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) is a fast-growing Amazonian species of high commercial value. The present study aimed to determine the dietary crude protein (CP) level to promote maximum zootechnical performance for pirarucu fingerlings and as their resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila, as well as evaluate their hematological parameters. Pirarucu fingerlings (2.4 & PLUSMN; 0.08 g, 6.8 & PLUSMN; 0.52 cm) were distributed in 18 tanks (140 L, 40 fish per tank, n = 3) and fed six experimental diets consisting of increasing levels of CP: 300, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 650 g kg(-1) in a completely randomized design. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) and the ideal CP level for weight gain was determined using polynomial regression analysis. The dietary CP levels were evaluated using a quadratic polynomial regression and the level of 595 g kg(-1) was determined for the best weight gain. The hematocrit of fish fed 300 g kg(-1) was higher than in the other groups. No mortalities were observed after the 15-day bacterial challenge; however, number of pirarucu with bacterial damage on the pirarucu caudal fin was higher in the group that was fed the diet with 300 g kg(-1). A dietary protein level of 618 g kg(-1) is therefore recommended for providing maximum weight gain and immunological resistance in pirarucu fingerlings weighing 2.4-112.5 g.