Magneto-Mechano-Electric generator of lead-free piezoelectric Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.95Zr0.025Sn0.025O3/Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 magnetostrictive multiferroic laminate structure

We report the magneto-mechano-electric (MME) response of (2-2) layered magnetostrictive-piezoelectric com-posite structures of Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 / Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.95Zr0.025Sn0.025O3 / Co0.8Ni0.2Fe2O4 (CNFO/BCTZS/CNFO) ceramics. The basic magnetic and electric properties to support the multiferroism nature were studied and discussed. The BCTZS piezoceramics showed a piezoelectric charge coefficient of (d33) -149 pC/N, piezoelectric voltage coefficient of (g33) -7.64 x 10-3 (Vm/N) and planar electromechanical coupling factor of (kp) -26 % with additional benefits of phase coexistence of orthorhombic-tetragonal lattice symmetries near room tem-perature. The CNFO magnetostrictive phase reveals a piezomagnetic coefficient (q11 = d lambda 11/dH) of -0.0625 ppm/Oe at a lower magnetic field bias of 600 Oe. The MME response of CNFO/BCTZS/CNFO multiferroics is validated by measuring the magnetoelectric (ME) coefficient alpha ME in longitudinal-transverse (L-T) mode. The CNFO/BCTZS/CNFO structure revealed the alpha ME of 50.8 mV/cm center dot Oe at a field of 644 Oe at off-resonance frequency i.e. 1 kHz. The frequency-dependent alpha ME measurements at two different constants (Hdc), i.e. 100 Oe and 600 Oe showed the resonant enhancement in ME coupling at 8.5 kHz by attaining the peak value of magnetoelectric coefficient alpha ME -0.27 V/cm center dot Oe and 0.107 V/cm center dot Oe respectively. Consequently, it is confirmed that due to the electromechanical resonance effect, the magnitude of alpha ME is increased by six times as that measured at off -resonance i.e. 1 kHz. Therefore, the present multiferroic 2-2 structures are suitable for magneto-mechano-electric (MME) energy harvesters as well as magnetic field sensor applications.